Digital concrete: open BIM, machine-readable standards, IoT, digital twins, logistics 4.0, lean building, and other industrial approaches using the examples of transport infrastructures
Abstract
Concrete is one of the main building materials. Construction spending, which accounts for roughly 13% of gross domestic product, is up to $ 10 trillion worldwide, making the construction sector one of the largest in the global economy. However, productivity is exceptionally low compared to other sectors such as manufacturing and agriculture. The construction sector is also a major driver of environmental impact. The share of global CO2 emissions from concrete is between 8% and 9%. New concepts and techniques are needed throughout the entire process chain, from raw material production to planning, component manufacturing, and assembly, to ensure more efficient use of material throughout the construction process.
To solve these pressing problems, a new term is being actively used - digital concrete. Digital concrete refers to all products manufactured using manufacturing technologies using digital models and machines with numerical control based on digital data. To some extent, the introduction of such an interpretation of the concept of "digital concrete" follows the already proven dimensions of the "digital economy". Both in the first and in the second case, both concepts are based on the share of digital technologies in real economic processes. This work is devoted to the discussion of the possibilities of digital technologies for transformations in technologies for working with concrete on the examples of transport infrastructures.
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